Which scenario constitutes both a breach of confidentiality and a violation of privacy?

The chosen scenario involves a faculty member disclosing identifiable data about sexual behavior, which clearly constitutes both a breach of confidentiality and a violation of privacy. Confidentiality refers to the responsibility to protect the information that participants provide during a study, ensuring that identifiable data is not disclosed without their consent. When identifiable data is shared, especially regarding sensitive topics such as sexual behavior, it not only breaks confidentiality but also raises significant privacy concerns for the individuals involved. This disclosure can lead to potential harm or distress for those individuals if their sensitive information becomes known.

In contrast, the other scenarios—using de-identified data, sharing results in a seminar, and sharing notes with a principal investigator—do not involve identifiable information being disclosed that could harm individuals. De-identified data and sharing non-identifiable results are generally acceptable practices designed to protect participants' privacy, while sharing notes with a principal investigator typically falls within the bounds of research team communication and does not breach confidentiality or privacy. Thus, the identified scenario stands out as the only one that clearly violates both principles.