Which vulnerable population is specifically highlighted in DHHS regulations besides pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates?

The correct answer is highlighted because the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) regulations specifically identify prisoners as a vulnerable population that requires additional protections in research settings. This recognition stems from the ethical considerations surrounding the autonomy and consent of individuals who may be incarcerated, as they may not have the same capacity to provide informed consent due to their circumstances.

Prisoners are considered a distinct group due to their potential vulnerability to coercion and exploitation in research studies, which can arise from their confined situation and reliance on prison officials for basic needs. Therefore, the regulations outline that special precautions must be taken to ensure that their participation in research is voluntary, informed, and free from undue influence.

In addition, while children, elderly individuals, and individuals with disabilities are also vulnerable populations that require particular attention and protections in research, the specific regulation that identifies prisoners as a highlighted group underscores the unique ethical considerations involved with conducting research involving this population.